answer:Here, I am providing solution with a more efficient approach using Python language.In this approach, we leverage the property of exponents that states if the exponent is even, the power can be calculated as power(x * x, exp / 2), otherwise it can be calculated as x multiplied by power(x * x, exp / 2) if the exponent is odd. This approach takes advantage of recursion and significantly reduces the number of multiplication operations from O(n) to O(log n).```pythondef power(base, exp): if not (isinstance(base, (int, float)) and isinstance(exp, (int, float))): return "Error: both base and exponent must be numbers" if base == 0 and exp <= 0: return "Error: 0 raised to a non positive number is undefined" if exp < 0: return "Error: the function does not support negative exponents" if exp == 0: return 1 if exp == 1: return base if exp % 2 == 0: return power(base * base, exp // 2) else: return base * power(base * base, (exp - 1) // 2)```You can call the function `power(base, exponent)`. Please replace base and exponent with the numbers you wish to calculate the power for.This function also includes checks for negative exponents and zero bases with non-zero exponents, and it returns error messages for these cases. In addition, there is an error message for cases where the base or exponent is not a numeric type.

answer:Here is a Python approach to solve this by using the collections.Counter class for counting the occurrences and excluding the prepositions, articles, and conjunctions in the process.```pythonimport collectionsimport renarrative = "In the chronicles of an era long passed in a territory distantly located, resided a courageous cavalier and a stunning royal maiden"words = re.findall('w+', narrative.lower())# Define a list of words to exclude (prepositions, articles, and conjunctions)excluded_words = ['in', 'of', 'an', 'a', 'and', 'the']filtered_words = [word for word in words if word not in excluded_words]word_counts = collections.Counter(filtered_words)min_occurrence_word = min(word_counts, key=word_counts.get)min_occurrence_count = word_counts[min_occurrence_word]print("The word with the minimal occurrence is '{}' and its corresponding count is {}.".format(min_occurrence_word, min_occurrence_count))```This code should return that every word except the excluded ones have equal occurrence of 1. For instance, it should return: "The word with the minimal occurrence is 'chronicles' and its corresponding count is 1." Note that the result may vary depending on which word the `min()` function picks when there are multiple words with the same minimal occurrence.

answer:In order to automate the failover, monitoring the health of primary can be done using a tool like heartbeat, clusterlabs, or even a custom bash/python script. This example will illustrate a very basic concept using a bash script.This is simplified and wouldn't be suitable for a production environment. Security is not considered in this script given that the login details are written in plain text, which is insecure. In a realistic scenario you would use a secure method for login, such as using key-based authentication for SSH and storing necessary password securely.Create a file called `heartbeat.sh` on the server from which you plan to monitor the primary server. ```bash#!/bin/sh# Primary and standby server addressesPRIMARY=203.0.113.0 STANDBY=203.0.113.1# Service NameSERVICE=auto_failover# Server credentialsLOGIN=serveradminPASSWORD=srvrmaster789# Check whether primary server is up or notping -c 1 PRIMARY > /dev/null 2>&1if [ ? -ne 0 ]; then # Primary server is down, enable the standby echo "Primary server down, enabling the standby" # Use SSH and service command to start the standby service on the stand-by machine # sshpass package is used to automate ssh password input sshpass -p PASSWORD ssh LOGIN@STANDBY "service SERVICE start" # Mail service can be used for alerting system admins # echo "Standby server enabled" | mail -s "Server Failover" [email protected] 0```In order to execute this script periodically, add it to `cron`. For example, if you want to check every minute, you can add the following line to your crontab with `crontab -e`.```bash* * * * * /path/to/heartbeat.sh```Note: This is a super simplified scenario. For a production-level system, you would want to use a more sophisticated monitoring and failover solution.

answer:This problem can be solved using Python programming language. Here I will write a python function that takes an array of strings and a string as arguments and returns the first index of the string in the array considering letter case and ignoring any leading or trailing white spaces.```pythondef find_index(arr, string): return next((i for i, x in enumerate(arr) if x.strip() == string), -1)arr = ["Hello", "World", " World "]string = "World"print(find_index(arr, string)) # prints: 1```In this code, I use strip method to remove the leading or trailing white spaces from each string in the array. Then I use enumerate method to get the index and element from the array and check if the element equals to the string after removing the spaces. If so, return the index. If the string is not found in the array, return -1 as a sign of not found.

answer:. Some ad-hoc practices in the keyword search literature that have been criticized [2] [1] [3] , and that we have strived not to incur in are: Existing scoring functions have become increasingly complex while the added value obscure [3] . We have studied and shown in detail the added value of implicit feedback as a DB-extrinsic scoring to be combined by Bsmooth with any existing DB-intrinsic scoring.

answer:In Bash scripting, you can use the `[[ string = *substring* ]]` construct to check whether a specific substring is present within a larger string.Here is an example:```bashstring='My string'substring='str'if [[ string = *"substring"* ]]; then echo "Substring is present."fi```In this case, the script will echo "Substring in present." because 'str' is found within 'My string'. If not found, it would not print anything.You should note that wildcards (*) before and after "substring" in the conditional expression mean that any characters can appear before or after the substring. Also, the string is quoted to prevent word splitting and pathname expansion.